Evidence from the Classroom: The Impact of the INPP Schools Programme in Grade 1

At INPP, we work with schools to address one of the most overlooked barriers to learning: neuromotor immaturity caused by retained primitive and postural reflexes. When these early reflexes do not integrate naturally in the early years, they can interfere with posture, balance, attention, reading, handwriting, and behaviour in the classroom.

A recent comparative study carried out at Auckland Park Academy of Excellence (APAX) in Johannesburg, South Africa, provides clear, measurable evidence of the impact of the INPP Neuromotor Development Programme in a mainstream school setting.

The Study Design

The study followed two Grade 1 classes over an 11-month period (January–November 2025):

  • Grade 1B – participated in the INPP Schools Programme (treatment group)

  • Grade 1A – did not receive the programme (control group)

Both classes were screened using standard INPP neuromotor assessments at the beginning and end of the year to measure the retention of primitive and postural reflexes, using a 0–4 scale (0 = absent, 4 = fully retained).

Primitive reflexes are automatic, brainstem-driven movement patterns present in infancy. They should integrate within the first years of life as higher brain centres mature. When they remain active, they can disrupt the development of postural control, balance, eye movements, coordination, emotional regulation, and learning readiness.

Overall Outcomes: A Clear Difference

Grade 1B (With the INPP Programme)

  • Average reduction in retained reflexes: 26.84%

  • Average reflex score reduced from 2.7 to 1.1

  • Marked improvements in neuromotor maturity across all reflex categories

This level of change reflects significant progress in central nervous system integration and is typically associated with better posture, improved attention, smoother handwriting, and greater emotional stability in the classroom.

Grade 1A (Without the Programme)

  • Natural maturation only: 4.51%

  • Several key reflexes showed little improvement or deterioration

  • Ongoing indicators of neuromotor immaturity

When compared directly, Grade 1B improved almost six times more than Grade 1A, highlighting the effect of structured neuromotor intervention rather than relying on natural development alone.

What Changed in the Classroom?

Balance, Posture and Core Stability

Tests such as the Tandem Walk and Fog Walk measure postural reflex integration and vestibular control—key foundations for sitting still, eye tracking, and coordination.

  • Grade 1B showed consistent improvements averaging over 22%

  • Grade 1A showed overall decline, particularly in backward balance tasks

In practical terms, children in Grade 1B were better able to sit upright, remain still at their desks, and move confidently during PE and play.

Midline Crossing, Reading and Handwriting (ATNR)

Retention of the Asymmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex (ATNR) is strongly linked to difficulties with:

  • Crossing the midline

  • Left–right directionality

  • Eye tracking across a page

  • Writing fluency and letter reversals

  • Grade 1B showed a 30.89% reduction in ATNR retention

  • Grade 1A improved naturally but remained at high retention levels

Teachers reported improved handwriting fluency, better reading tracking, fewer reversals, and greater ease when children turned their heads while remaining seated and attentive.

Sitting Still, Copying and Attention (STNR)

The Symmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex (STNR) plays a key role in posture and the ability to copy from board to page.

  • Grade 1B showed a 31.61% improvement

  • Grade 1A showed a significant decline (-20.83%)

Without intervention, retained STNR often presents as slumping, constant movement, poor copying skills, and early fatigue. The contrasting results underline the importance of targeted support during the early school years.

Balance, Emotional Regulation and Sensory Calm (TLR)

The Tonic Labyrinthine Reflex (TLR) affects balance, muscle tone, spatial awareness, and emotional regulation.

  • Grade 1B demonstrated strong improvements in vestibular integration

  • Grade 1A showed partial improvement but retained signs of instability

Improved vestibular regulation supports calmness, attention, and emotional self-control—essential for learning readiness.

Teacher Observations: Functional Change Matters

By the end of the year, teachers reported clear and meaningful changes in Grade 1B, including:

  • Improved posture and sitting tolerance

  • Marked gains in reading fluency and eye tracking

  • Clear improvements in handwriting and fine motor control

  • Increased attention span, impulse control, and classroom calm

  • Greater confidence and participation

  • Improvements in speech clarity and fluency in individual learners

Notably, these changes occurred without additional therapies, highlighting the specific contribution of the INPP programme.

Why This Matters for Schools

This study reinforces what INPP practitioners and schools observe worldwide:

  • Neuromotor immaturity does not always resolve on its own

  • Waiting for “natural development” may leave children struggling unnecessarily

  • Structured, developmentally informed movement programmes can produce measurable, functional gains

Final Conclusion

The INPP Schools Programme produced substantial, measurable neuromotor improvements for Grade 1B when compared with a matched control group.

  • Six times greater overall improvement

  • Consistent gains across balance, posture, reflex integration and classroom readiness

  • Clear links between neuromotor change and learning-related outcomes

For schools seeking to support children’s readiness to learn—academically, physically, and emotionally—this study provides compelling evidence that early neuromotor intervention matters.

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Practitioner Perspective: Why the INPP Course Stands Out